Forging is a forming process that applies external force to titanium metal billets (excluding plates) to induce plastic deformation, change size, shape, and improve performance, used to manufacture mechanical parts, workpieces, tools, or blanks. In addition, according to the movement mode of the slider, there are vertical and horizontal movement modes (used for forging slender parts, lubrication and cooling, and forging parts for high-speed production), and compensation devices can be used to increase movement in other directions. The above methods are different, and the required forging force, process, material utilization rate, output, dimensional tolerances, and lubrication and cooling methods are also factors that affect the level of automation. According to the movement mode of the billet, forging can be divided into free forging, upsetting, extrusion, die forging, closed die forging, and closed upsetting.

Due to the absence of burrs, the utilization rate of materials is high in closed die forging and closed forging. It is possible to complete the precision machining of complex forgings with one or several processes. Due to the absence of burrs, the stress area of the forging is reduced, and the required load is also reduced. However, it should be noted that the blank should not be completely restricted. To achieve this, the volume of the blank should be strictly controlled, the relative position of the forging die should be controlled, and measurements of the forging should be taken to minimize the wear of the forging die. According to the movement mode of the forging die, forging can be divided into swing forging, swing rotary forging, roll forging, cross wedge rolling, ring rolling, and oblique rolling. Rotary forging, rotary forging, and ring rolling can also be processed by precision forging. In order to improve the utilization rate of materials, roll forging and cross rolling can be used as the preceding processes for processing slender materials. Rotary forging, like free forging, is also locally formed, and its advantage is that it can be formed with less forging force compared to the size of the forging. This forging method, including free forging, expands the material from the vicinity of the mold surface to the free surface during processing, making it difficult to achieve accuracy. Therefore, by controlling the movement direction of the forging die and the forging process with a computer, complex shaped and high-precision products can be obtained with lower forging force, such as producing a variety of large turbine blades and other forgings. In order to achieve high accuracy, attention should be paid to preventing overload at the bottom dead center, controlling speed and mold position. Because all of these will have an impact on forging tolerances, shape accuracy, and forging die life.

In addition, in order to maintain accuracy, attention should be paid to adjusting the clearance and stiffness of the slider guide rail, adjusting the bottom dead center, and using auxiliary transmission devices. The main materials used for titanium forging are pure titanium and titanium alloys of various compositions. The original state of titanium material includes bar, ingot, metal powder, and liquid metal. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of a metal before deformation to the cross-sectional area after deformation is called the forging ratio. The correct selection of forging ratio, reasonable heating temperature and holding time, reasonable initial and final forging temperature, reasonable deformation amount and deformation speed are closely related to improving product quality and reducing costs. Generally, circular or square bar materials are used as blanks for small and medium-sized forgings. The grain structure and mechanical properties of the bar material are uniform and good, with accurate shape and size, good surface quality, and easy to organize for mass production. As long as the heating temperature and deformation conditions are reasonably controlled, high-quality forgings can be forged without significant forging deformation.